Mercedes Citan has worst emissions of best-selling Euro 6 LCVs

Mercedes’ Citan has the worst emissions of the best-selling Euro 6 light commercial vehicles (LCVs) tested for the latest AIR Index.

The official NOx limit for the van is 105mg/km. According to the latest AIR Index test results, the actual urban NOx emissions were 902mg/km. This equates to 17 times more NOx than Volkswagen’s Crafter, one of the lowest emitters tested.

The AIR Index is an international, independent and standardised rating system that reveals accurately how much pollution a vehicle produces when it is used in towns and cities. The AIR Alliance commissioned tests for ten of Europe’s best-selling diesel light commercial vehicles using scientifically robust, on-road vehicle testing according to the latest CWA17379 methodology to give each vehicle a simple A-E colour-coded AIR Index rating, showing the difference between clean and dirty vehicles.

The index was created to inform and empower consumers, owner-drivers, fleet operators and policy makers with the real facts about emissions when making choices about vehicle purchase and usage.

Its latest round of testing saw the 2019 Volkswagen Crafter CR35 LWB High Roof 2.0 litre gain an ‘A’ rating on the AIR Index, emitting 53mg/km NOx, 72mg less than the large-van (Class III) laboratory-based legal limit of 125mg/km, with the 2019 Mercedes Citan 109 Blue Dualiner 1.5 litre is rated an ‘E’ on the AIR Index, emitting 902mg/km of NOx, more than 8 times the (Class II) light-van laboratory-based legal limit of 105mg/km.

Volkswagen’s 2018 Caddy C20 Highline TDI 2.0 litre and Peugeot’s 2019 Partner Asphalt 1.6 litre both get an ‘A’ rating, as their on-road emissions fall below the 80mg/km laboratory-based light van limit.

According to the AIR Index, however, the “power to dramatically and rapidly to improve emissions from dirty vans lies within the hands of the manufacturers”. For example, when it commissioned tests of the Mercedes Vito CDI 111 LWB 1.6, a simple “manufacturer-led update of the vehicle’s emissions management system halved the NOx emissions when tested again”. This would be the equivalent of improving the AIR Index rating from ‘D’ to ‘C’.

The results of the vans tested for AIR and rated on the AIR Index are:

Make	Model	Year	AIR Index Rating	Fuel Type	Official NO_x limit*	Euro Standard	Actual Urban NO_x mg/km
Volkswagen	Crafter CR35 LWB High Roof 2.0	2019	A	Diesel	125 mg/km	Euro 6	53
Volkswagen	Caddy C20 Highline TDI 2.0	2018	A	Diesel	105 mg/km	Euro 6	70
Peugeot	Partner Asphalt 1.6	2019	A	Diesel	80 mg/km	Euro 6	73
Volkswagen	Transporter T30 Highline TDI Bluemotion 2.0	2018	B	Diesel	125 mg/km	Euro 6	100
Mercedes	Vito CDI 114 LWB 2.1	2017	B	Diesel	125 mg/km	Euro 6	147
Ford	Transit Custom 300 Limited 2.0	2019	C	Diesel	125 mg/km	Euro 6	260
Vauxhall / Opel	Vivaro CDTI 2900 1.6	2019	D	Diesel	105 mg/km	Euro 6	401
Citroen	Relay L3H2 Enterprise BlueHDi 2.0	2018	D	Diesel	125 mg/km	Euro 6	557
Mercedes	Vito CDI 111 LWB 1.6 (pre-update)	2017	D**	Diesel	125 mg/km	Euro 6	566
Mercedes	Citan 109 Dualiner 1.5	2019	E	Diesel	105 mg/km	Euro 6	902

* Official NOx limit refers to the in-laboratory Euro standards, and NOx limits for vans vary according to vehicle by classification by weight, eg Euro 6 Class I = 80 mg/km, Euro 6 Class II = 105 mg/km, Euro 6 Class III = 125 mg/km
** provisional rating

Massimo Fedeli, co-founder and operations director, AIR said: “Light commercial vehicles play a vital role in moving goods quickly and efficiently around our cities and beyond. With the growth in internet shopping and the general Amazonisation of retail, they are an ever-increasing part of our transport network and it’s crucial that only the cleanest vans are allowed to enter urban areas.

“As the AIR Index revealed when we tested the real-world NOx emissions of passenger cars, there is a shocking variation in actual emissions compared with the official results based on laboratory tests.

“AIR is calling on cities to supplement the use of Euro 6 standards for low emission zone entry – such as London’s own ULEZ – with the AIR Index database of real-world emissions results, to identify the dirtiest vans which are otherwise slipping through the net. By doing so, we believe the AIR Index could very quickly bring most European cities in line with air quality targets.”

Nick Molden, co-founder of AIR, said: “The results of these van tests for the AIR Index continue to hammer home the fact that current policy can’t do enough to prevent damage from high emitters and treat low emitters more fairly. This is impacting air quality across in cities across Europe and is potentially costing many thousands of lives. The AIR Index gives policy makers and fleet managers information they’ve never had before enabling informed decisions about the consequences of vehicle choice.

“The ten Euro 6 diesel vans we tested represent just under half of the annual sales across Europe. If just those rated D or E were prevented from entering the centre of urban areas the AIR Index could bring all European cities into air quality compliance.

“But the ultimate responsibility to implement change lies with the manufacturers. With simple service-led engine management updates, it is possible to make vans much cleaner, dramatically reducing emissions immediately.”

Author: Andrew Baxter

Former deputy editor (maternity cover)

Andrew Baxter is an experienced journalist and content creator, starting out as a staff writer 17 years ago. He has held a number of positions on both B2B and consumer titles, including AM magazine.